Constellations:Corona Borealis- 'the Northern Crown'
Created | Updated Dec 25, 2010
'Will there be any stars in my crown,
when at evening the sun goeth down'
- Eliza E Hewitt
Latin: | Corona Borealis |
Genitive: | Coronae Borealis |
Short form: | CrB |
Area: | 179 sq deg |
Co-ordinates1: | 16h,+30° |
Zodiac: | no |
Origin: | Ancient |
The Northern Crown is a quite small constellation. Typically you see it during the spring and summer. Its rather characteristic crescent lies between constellations of Boötes and Hercules. It has a fainter sibling in the southern hemisphere, the Southern Crown.
The seven major stars of this group form a recognizable crown.
the usual story is that it was a wedding present to Ariadne who was a princess of Crete. Legend says that she was abandoned by her husband Theseus on the Island of Naxos and then married one of the lesser gods Dionysus who (upon her death) placed her crown in the heavens.
More on this Greek mythology can be read at Greek myth.
A Christian myth might equate it to the crown of the believer in Heaven rising above Serpens Caput (the head of the snake)2.
The Native Americans of the Cherokee tribe saw it as a camp circle.
Welsh mythology connects it with the palace of Arianrhod3.
Superstar
The brightest star is a variable of the Algol type. This means that Gemma is actually a close pair of stars which routinely eclipse one another causing a decrease in magnitude of about one-tenth of a magnitude. They are, however, far enough apart that no matter is physically transferred from one star to another. There is a star, however, T Coronae Borealis which lies a little bit to the south east of Epsilon which actually does receive matter from somewhere over a period of decades. Some speculate that this is a white dwarf with an accretion disk from which the star is feeding. This periodic interaction with the star results in episodes of TNR4 in the star's photoshere5. The change is nothing less than spectacular. At the moment it is only visible with a large
telescope, but has been known to be magnitude 1.35 during eruptions.
The last eruptions were in 1866 and 1946; so anytime now we might see this nova changing the appearance of the crown.
Table of Stars
Star | Designation | Name or catalogue number | Brightness (m) | Distance (light years) | Spectral Classification |
α CrB | Alpha | Gemma | +2.2 to 2.3 | 75 | EA variable |
β CrB | Beta | Nusaken | +3.7 | 114 | F0 |
γ CrB | Gamma | 8 Coronae Borealis | +3.8 and 6.0 | 145 | B9 (A3) |
δ CrB | Delta | 10 Coronae Borealis | +4.6 | 165 | G3 |
ε CrB | Epsilon | 13 Coronae Borealis | +4.1 | 230 | K2 |
ζ CrB | Zeta-2 Zeta-1 | Struve 1965 | +5.0 and 6.0 | 114 | B8 (K0) |
η CrB | Eta | 2 Coronae Borealis | +5.0 | 50 | G2 |
θ CrB | Theta | 4 Coronae Borealis | +4.1 | 311 | B6 |
ρ CrB | Rho | 15 Coronae Borealis | +5.4 | 56.8 | G0 |
κ CrB | Kappa | 11 Coronae Borealis | +4.79 | 101.5 | K1 |
R CrB | Alchin | HR5880 | +5.71 to +14.8 | 6037 | C0 (Nova) |
T CrB | Blaze | HR5958 | +2.0 to +10.8 | 323 | M3 (Nova) |
The scientific star names are simple to understand (if you know your Greek alphabet).
Corona Borealis also includes a
cluster of galaxies
(Abell 2065) which average
1,200,000,000 light years away.
Extrasolar Planets
- Rho
The search for extrasolar planets discovered that this typical star has a solar system of its own. It has a Jupiter size planet orbiting
about 0.22 AU6 .
This star also has a circum-stellar ring similar to our Kuiper Belt and scientists7 think there are more planets hiding here that we have not found yet. - Kappa
In 2007 it was discovered that there is a planet there with a mass 1.8 that of Jupiter orbiting every 1191 days at a distance of 2.7 AU. - XO-1
The XO project headed by David McCulloch seeks to find stars that are variable due to planets transiting. The first one they found XO-1 is about 600-650 light years distant and has a planet with about 0.9 the mass of Jupiter orbiting 0.0488AU every four days.
Arionrhod was the sister of Gwydion and had a castle near Dinas Dinille.
4 Thermo-Nuclear Runaway.5This paraphrased from I Hachisu and M.Kato Astrophysical Journal 1999.6 Astronomical Units.7 D Trilling, R Brown and A Rivkin.