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 | | | Subject: A8921045 - Brass Instruments, Tuning and Harmonics
Posted Jan 29, 2006 by Gnomon is ordering soup and a sandwich
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10
  | | OK. Here are some changes.
The first paragraph is rather confusing and should be rewritten as follows:
"The brass family is one of the oldest families of musical instruments.
Confusingly, not all members of the family of 'brass instruments' are made of brass, and not all instruments made of brass are in the family. An instrument is a 'brass instrument' if the sound is produced by using the player's lips as a sound generator. The family includes instruments such as trumpets, trombones, tubas (which are in fact normally made of brass) and also a few odd ones such as the didgeridoo and the alpen horn."
Now for some more minor changes:
They differ from each other by the way -->
They differ from each other in the way
english horn --> cor anglais
lentgh --> length (in lots of places)
and a little mathematics is needed -->
and a little mathematics are needed
at a speed of app. 1,000 ft/sec -->
at a speed of approximately 1,000 ft/sec
Move the footnote from sec to approximately, so stop it looking like sec squared.
As I've said before, change hz to Hz everywhere.
THe paragraph which starts with "Tubes do not create sound" should be replaced in its entirety with the following two paragraphs:
Tubes do not create a sound, they just reinforce it. A tube of a certain length will not reinforce all notes of every possible frequency, but just notes of particular frequencies. There has to be an exact ratio between the tube length and the sound wave length. Brass instruments are open tubes, that is, they are open at each end, so the largest sound wave that will fit in them is one whose wavelength is exactly twice the length of the tube. To put it the other way around, the tube length must be half the length of the wave we want to produce.
Wavelength and frequency are related in that the wavelength times the frequency gives the speed of the wave. With a speed of sound of 1,000 ft/sec and a frequency of 440Hz (the 'A' produced by a tuning fork), the tube must be 1.136 ft in length. This calculation neglects some factors such as the width of the tube and its exact shape, but these don't have a huge effect on the result.
the resulting wavelength is exactly the same as the double length of the tube -->
the resulting wavelength is exactly twice the length of the tube
correllated --> correlated
are played simultaneously, they -- add "say on two different trumpets," after the comma.
the corresponding octave will always --> the note an octave higher will always
the corresponding fifth will always --> the note a perfect fifth higher will always
Prim --> Unison
have required artistic skills --> have required acrobatic skills
Cornett --> Cornet
The cornet has a wider bore which causes -->
The cornet has a wider bore with a slightly different shape, which causes
Louis Armstrong, who -- replace rest of sentence with
who was also an accomplished trumpet player.
tenor violin8, bass violin or violoncello -->
tenor violin8 and cello
Remove footnote 9 completely.
Harmonicas and mouth organs --> Accordions and mouth organs
That's enough to be going on with.
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| | | Subject: A8921045 - Brass Instruments, Tuning and Harmonics
Posted Jan 29, 2006 by  Galaxy Babe - eclectic editor
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11
| | OK I think I got everything - thanks very much 
In some places the "Hz" is immediately after the number, in others there's a gap, I presume they're all supposed to be the same so could you tell me which is correct please?
Another number has a line of question marks after it, is that supposed to be there?
Another major third brings us up to the F (137,5 x 5/4 = 171,875 Hz), and the last major third takes us to the A again (171,875 x 5/4 = 214,84375 Hz ???).
Should all the words in the headers and subheaders be in capitals?
I had another question, which now I've forgotten because I saw posts at the entry when I updated I'll just go through it again see if I can jog anything...
<<If we control the frequency, we divide the 220Hz by 2 to go down one octave, and we have the original 110 Hz again q.e.d.>>
Now, *I* know what QED stands for, but others might not, so do you think that requires a footnote of explanation? (if it was my entry I'd put one in, that's why I'm asking)
There are comments at the entry Gnomon, if you'd like to take a peek..
 for all your help, much appreciated
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| | | Subject: A8921045 - Brass Instruments, Tuning and Harmonics
Posted Jan 30, 2006 by Not him
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| | will be 5ft. Two of those waves will fit exactly ('standing') into the tube, w
The tube is 5ft long, so it will be one complete wave
Please note that, as an example, Eb stands for D# as well. The same fingering is used on all three valve brass instruments (trumpet, flugelhorn, baryton, tuba, sousaphone, ...).
(footnote 6)
what's a baryton? a baritone?
flugelhorn frequently has 4 valves, same for tuba, and recent baritones as well.
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| | | Subject: A8921045 - Brass Instruments, Tuning and Harmonics
Posted Jan 30, 2006 by Not him
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| | also, tenor horns and baritones are not little tubas, their bore is straighter than a tuba's conical bore. Euphonium is spot on, however.
Tuba: normally Bb or Eb
valves to alter the tuning of an instrument (trombone, anyway) are the same as a fourth valve. and on a trombone (i play one) the slide is at the front, facing the same way as the bell.
oh, and flugelhorns are typically left handed played with the right hand. i don't know why.
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